Flexible Distribution of EneRgy and Storage resources
FDERS Group
Flexible Distribution of EneRgy and Storage resources
(FDERS) was proposed for reliably supplying critical and sensitive loads from a cooperative and adaptive network of multiple smaller-rated distributed energy and storage resources - especially when power from the main grid is not available. It was inspired by the cooperative formations observed in nature such as the V-shape of a migratory bird flock and peloton of a cycling marathon racing team. The objective is to realize greater sustainability benefits like increased resource lifetime, optimal energy storage deployment, enhanced controllability and improved system robustness.
News
2019
- Kexing Lai has been awarded the Presidential Fellowship, the most prestigious award given by the Graduate School at OSU.
- Prof. Mahesh Illindala took a sabbatical leave in Spring 2019. He was a visiting faculty at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras.
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2018
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Ph.D. |
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M.S.E.E. |
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2017
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Ph.D. |
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2016
- The following paper got selected for the IEEE Industry Applications Society - 2nd Prize Paper Award:
M. S. Illindala, H. J. Khasawneh, and A. A. Renjit, “Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources: Integrating These Resources into a Microgrid,” IEEE Ind. Appl. Mag., vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 32–42, Sep. 2015.
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Ph.D. |
2015
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M.S. |
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2014
- Chen Yuan won the Best Poster Award at the 2014 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.
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M.S. |
2013
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M.S. |
People
Graduate Students
Subiksha Madhavan Reshikeshan
Graduate Research Associate
Tazim Ridwan Billah Kushal
Grad Research Assoc-GS Match
Balaji Guddanti
Graduate Research Associate
Kexing Lai
Undergraduate Students
Sharon Chan
Visiting Scholars
Chunhua Hu
Alumni
Students-Ph.D
Abrez Mondal
Ajit Anhiah Renjit
Chen Yuan
Mariana Pulcherio
Hussam Khasawneh
Mohammed Haj-ahmed
Students- M.S.
Jack Mao
Nidhi Sharma
Jieying Zhang
Odaro Omusi
Research
Microgrids are nowadays being sought after by various customers including military, utilities, industries, campuses and municipalities. In the past decade or so, research publications on microgrids have risen sharply (for instance,
references [8]-[18], to name a few). Recently, a two-part paper that contains good bibliography on microgrid control schemes was published in [19],[20]. As against the general trend, which focused on improvements to a specific feature, this group's research on Flexible Distribution of EneRgy and Storage resources (FDERS) has taken a holistic approach in order to achieve the higher level sustainability goals of increased Distributed Energy Resource (DER) lifetime, optimal energy storage deployment, higher controllability and improved robustness among others [2]. This can be further explained by means of the qualitative evaluation carried out in Table 1, which reveals that the DER control variables of ‘virtual inertia’ and ‘virtual reactance’ offer greater value and additional degrees of freedom to optimize the microgrid operation for achieving the FDERS goals.
The principal motivation for FDERS was to address the question: “what is the best way of integrating multiple smaller-rated DERs to enable them as a whole to reliably supply a large and fluctuating load - especially when the power from main grid is not available?” [1],[2].
FDERS was inspired by observing the advantages achieved in cooperative (and flexible) formations of bird flock V-shape formation and cycling team peloton formation. It has been
published in a Science article [3] that the V-formation consisting of 25 birds could theoretically result in a 70% increase in the range of distance flown by them as compared with a bird flying solo. Another article, in Nature [4], presented the observations from heart-rate monitors physically placed on pelicans to prove the benefits for birds flying in a V-shape formation (cf. Fig. 1). Likewise, numerous articles have been published on the gains derived by cyclists in a peloton formation (for instance, [5]-[7]).
However, in case their positions within the formation are fixed and unalterable over the entire journey, the leading birds/cyclists get exhausted sooner than their drafting counterparts. Similar issues exist when a large and fluctuating load is to be supplied from a network of multiple smaller-rated distributed energy and storage resources in the microgrid that is a fixed formation in 'status quo', and the FDERS is proposed to resolve these by enabling flexibility - as observed in the real migratory bird flock/cycling racing team formation.
References
[1] M. S. Illindala, “Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2012, pp.4069-4076, 15-20 Sept. 2012.
[2] M. S. Illindala, H. Khasawneh*, A. Renjit*, “Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources: Integrating These Resources into a Microgrid,” IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, Vol. 21, No. 5, Sept. 2015.
[3] P. B. S. Lissaman, C. A. Schollenberger, “Formation Flight of Birds,” Science, Vol. 168, 1970, pp. 1003-1005. doi:10.1126/science.168.3934.1003.
[4] H. Weimerskirch, J. Martin, Y. Clerquin, P. Alexandre, S. Jiraskova, “Energy Saving in Flight Formation,” Nature, Vol. 413, 2001, pp. 697-698. doi:10.1038/35099670.
[5] C. R. Kyle, “Reduction of wind resistance and power output of racing cyclists and runners traveling in groups,” Ergonomics, 1979, Vol. 22: pp. 387-397.
[6] A. G. Edwards, W. C. Byrnes, “Aerodynamic characteristics as determinants of the drafting effect in cycling,” Journal of Medical Science Sports Exercise, Jan 2007, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 170-176.
[7] J. Brisswalter, C. Hausswirth, “Consequences of Drafting on Human Locomotion: Benefits on Sports Performance,” International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Apr 2008, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 3-15.
[8] J. Eto, R. Lasseter, B. Schenkman, J. Stevens, H. Vollkommer, D. Klapp, E. Linton, H. Hurtado, J. Roy, “CERTS Microgrid Laboratory Test Bed,” IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 325-332, Jan 2011.
[9] A. A. Renjit*, M. S. Illindala, “Graphical and Analytical Methods for Stalling of Engine Generator Set,” 2012 IEEE Intl. Conf. on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), Bengaluru, India, Dec. 16-19, 2012.
[10] A. A. Renjit*, M. Illindala and D. Klapp, “Graphical and Analytical Methods for Stalling Analysis of Engine Generator Sets,” IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, Vol. 50, No. 5, Sep. 2014, pp. 1-9.
[11] A. A. Renjit*, M. Illindala, R. Lasseter, M. Erickson, D. Klapp, “Modeling and Control of a Natural Gas Generator Set in the CERTS Microgrid,” 2013 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Sep. 15-19, 2013.
[12] A. Mondal*, D. Klapp, M. Illindala, J. Eto, “Modeling, Analysis and Evaluation of Smart Load Functionality in the CERTS Microgrid,” 2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Sep. 14-18, 2014.
[13] R. H. Lasseter, “MicroGrids,” IEEE PES Winter Meeting 2002, Vol. 1, pp. 305-308, Jan. 2002.
[14] G. Venkataramanan, M. S. Illindala, “Microgrids and Sensitive Loads,” IEEE PES Winter Meeting, 2002, Vol. 1, pp. 315-322.
[15] N. D. Hatziargyriou, A. P. S. Meliopoulos, “Distributed Energy Sources: Technical Challenges,” IEEE PES Winter Meeting, Jan. 2002, Vol. 2, pp. 1017-1022.
[16] F. Katiraei, M. R. Iravani, “Power Management Strategies for a Microgrid With Multiple Distributed Generation Units,” IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, Vol. 21, No. 4, 2006 , pp. 1821 - 1831.
[17] N. Hatziargyriou, H. Asano, M. R. Iravani, C. Marnay, “Microgrids,” IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, vol.5, no.4, pp.78-94, July-Aug. 2007.
[18] R. H. Lasseter, “Smart Distribution: Coupled Microgrids,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol.99, no.6, pp.1074-1082, June 2011.
[19] J. M. Guerrero, M. Chandorkar, T. Lee, P. C. Loh, “Advanced Control Architectures for Intelligent Microgrids—Part I: Decentralized and Hierarchical Control,” IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no. 4, pp.1254-1262, April 2013.
[20] J. M. Guerrero, P. C. Loh, T. Lee, M. Chandorkar, “Advanced Control Architectures for Intelligent Microgrids—Part II: Power Quality, Energy Storage, and AC/DC Microgrids,” IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no. 4, pp.1263-1270, April 2013.
The concept of Flexible Distribution of EneRgy and Storage resources (FDERS) was introduced in [1],[2]. It has been shown recently in [3] that FDERS can extend the operation of an islanded industrial microgrid by as much as 80%. FDERS transforms the fixed electrical power network into a flexible one for achieving potential savings. It was inspired by the survival mechanisms found in ecological species that cooperatively team up in flexible formations for extending their endurance limits while facing extremely challenging conditions. Examples of such flexible and cooperative formations are displayed in Fig. 1, viz., the V-shape formation of a bird flock [4],[5] and peloton formation of a cycling racing team [6]-[8] - where a periodic rotation of their positions helps in reinvigorating all the team members during long distance travel.
The initial exploratory research for FDERS was published in several papers (8 conference papers [1],[3],[10]-[15], 2 accepted journal papers [2],[9], and 3 manuscripts under review for IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications).Prior
work on FDERS application to an islanded microgrid supplying an extremely harsh load such as cement plant crusher-conveyor load at an industrial site has offered the following advantages [3]:
(1) An 80% extended period of the islanded industrial microgrid operation, and
(2) Equalization of battery cycle lifetime
Fig. 2 illustrates selected results from an in-depth analysis conducted on an islanded microgrid consisting of four fuel cell-battery DERs that are supplying a large and fluctuating crusher-conveyor load at the cement plant. An active cycling approach for achieving battery cycle lifetime equalization and 80% extended operation of the microgrid was presented in [3]. Prior results of applying three kinds of FDERS passive cycling strategies for battery lifetime balancing have been published in [9]. A comparison of all the results obtained from multiple FDERS approaches is shown in Table 1. A brief description of these results is given below.
As seen in Fig. 2, each DER consists of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) along with a Li-ion battery stack (A123 Systems model #ANR26650M1A) [16]. If four unequally rated (i.e., 30 kW, 60 kW, 90 kW and 120 kW) DERs are distributed in the microgrid and not physically located right next to each other (i.e., physical reactances X1o != X2o != X3o != X4o; for instance, X1o < X2o < X3o < X4o), then their individual responses are found to differ for the 300 kW pulsed load profile crusher-conveyor load [3]. It was also observed that differences in the transient responses resulted in significant variations between the utilization of the Li-ion batteries of each DER unit. The more leading or ‘electrically’ closer a DER unit is to the load, the more stress is placed on its battery. This caused differences in battery State of Charge (SoC) as well as temperature. The detailed analysis using the Li-ion battery aging (MATLAB) model [17] that has been validated against other hybrid electric vehicle applications (for which, the experimental data was available) [18], it was observed that the SoC and temperature are two key factors that affect the rate of aging of the battery [17],[19]-[25]. Selected results of the battery life analysis under ‘status quo’ conditions are illustrated in the middle portion of Fig. 2, and it is quite evident that in such a fixed formation of four DERs significant variations in accumulated battery age occur after several repeated load cycles. As such, Batt 1 (i.e., nearest to the load) reached End of Life (EoL) after 11627 load cycles leading to a system shutdown, although Batt 2, Batt 3, and Batt 4 had not reached their EoL.
An exhaustive investigation has been carried out in applying FDERS [9],[3] to better understand if there is any advantage in rotating the ‘electrical’ positions of four DERs periodically - analogous to the periodic rotation of
positions among members of migratory bird flock or cycling racing team - to help in reinvigorating all the team members. These analyses resulted in the development of four kinds of battery cycling approaches as outcomes that are displayed in Table 1, with the plots corresponding to best outcome (i.e., Approach D from [3]) shown at the bottom of Fig. 2. As seen in Table 1 and Fig. 2, the Approach D lowered the average SoC and temperature substantially, which resulted in equalization of their battery life as well as State of Health (SoH) [26],[27]. This approach was successful in the achievement of all the four batteries to age at almost the exact same rate and reach EoL after ~21000 pulsed load cycles (i.e., 80% extended operation of the microgrid).
This was made possible in FDERS by means of synthesizing a virtual reactance (Xk-add) in each DER’s controller by modifying its three-phase reference voltage vector. Then, the effective interface reactance of the kth DER (i.e., Xk = Xko + Xk-add) can be practically varied to accomplish in-situ reconfiguration in ‘electrical’ positions of the four DERs [11]. The pecking order of the formation of DERs within the microgrid can be effortlessly controlled with the help of this virtual reactance. Additionally, if the ‘virtual inertia’ is increased within the active power/frequency droop controls of the leading DER, the pecking order of the DER formation within the islanded microgrid can be extended for a longer period [2].
References
[1] M. S. Illindala, “Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2012, pp.4069-4076, 15-20 Sept. 2012.
[2] M. S. Illindala, H. Khasawneh*, A. Renjit*, “Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources: Integrating These Resources into a Microgrid,” IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, Vol. 21, No.5, Sept. 2015.
[3] H. J. Khasawneh*, M. S. Illindala, “Equalization of Battery Cycle Life Through Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” 2014 IEEE I&CPS Technical Conference, 2014, pp. 1-9.
[4] P. B. S. Lissaman, C. A. Schollenberger, “Formation Flight of Birds,” Science, Vol. 168, 1970, pp. 1003-1005. doi:10.1126/science.168.3934.1003.
[5] H. Weimerskirch, J. Martin, Y. Clerquin, P. Alexandre, S. Jiraskova, “Energy Saving in Flight Formation,” Nature, Vol. 413, 2001, pp. 697-698. doi:10.1038/35099670.
[6] C. R. Kyle, “Reduction of wind resistance and power output of racing cyclists and runners traveling in groups,” Ergonomics, 1979, Vol. 22: pp. 387-397.
[7] A. G. Edwards, W. C. Byrnes, “Aerodynamic characteristics as determinants of the drafting effect in cycling,” Journal of Medical Science Sports Exercise, Jan 2007, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 170-176.
[8] J. Brisswalter, C. Hausswirth, “Consequences of Drafting on Human Locomotion: Benefits on Sports Performance,” International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Apr 2008, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 3-15.
[9] H. Khasawneh*, M. Illindala, “Battery Life Balancing in a Microgrid through Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 261, Sep. 2014, pp. 378-388.
[10] H. Khasawneh*, M. Illindala, “Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” 2013 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Sep. 15-19, 2013.
[11] A. A. Renjit*, M. Illindala, “In-situ Reconfiguration for Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” 2013 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Sep. 15-19, 2013.
[12] M. Haj-ahmed*, M. S. Illindala, “Investigation of Protection Schemes for Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” 2014 IEEE I&CPS Technical Conference, 2014, pp. 1-9.
[13] H. J. Khasawneh*, M. S. Illindala, “State-of-Health Based Load Sharing Strategy in Vehicle-to-Grid Systems,” 2014 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference (ITEC), 2014, pp. 1-6.
[14] A. A. Renjit*, M. S. Illindala, R. Yedavalli, “Stability Robustness Analysis and its Improvement for an Industrial Microgrid,” 2014 IEEE IAS Annual Meeting, 2014, pp. 1-9.
[15] H. J. Khasawneh*, M. S. Illindala, “Supercapacitor Cycle Life Equalization in a Microgrid Through Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” 2014 IEEE IAS Annual Meeting, 2014, pp. 1-9.
[16] A123 Systems, Data sheet MD1000001-02 for high power lithium ion battery cell ANR26650M1. Available online at: www.a123systems.com
[17] A. Millner, “Modeling Lithium Ion battery degradation in electric vehicles,” 2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply (CITRES), 2010, pp. 349-356.
[18] S. Peterson, J. Apt, J. Whitacre, “Lithium Ion Battery Cell Degradation Resulting from Realistic Vehicle and Vehicle- to Grid Utilization,” Journal of Power Sources, Volume 195, 2010, pp. 2385-2392.
[19] S. Santhanagopalan, Q. Zhang, K. Kumaresan, R.E. White, "Parameter Estimation and Life Modeling of Lithium-Ion Cells," Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 155, No. 4, 2008, pp. A345-A353.
[20] M. Broussely, S. Herreyre, P. Biensan, P. Kasztejna, K. Nechev, R.J. Staniewicz, “Aging mechanism in Li ion cells and calendar life predictions,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 97, 2001, pp. 13-21.
[21] M. Broussely, Ph. Biensan, F. Bonhomme, Ph. Blanchard, S. Herreyre, K. Nechev, R.J. Staniewicz, “Main aging mechanisms in Li ion batteries,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 146, No. 1, 2005, pp. 90-99.
[22] J. Vetter, P. Novák, M. R. Wagner, C. Veit, K. C. Möller, J. O. Besenhard, M. Winter, M. Wohlfahrt-Mehrens, C. Vogler, A. Hammouche, “Ageing mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 147, No. 1, 2005, pp. 269-281.
[23] G. Ning, R. E. White, B. N. Popov, “A Generalized Cycle Life Model of Rechargeable Li-ion Batteries,” Electrochimica Acta., Vol. 51, 2006, pp. 2012-2022.
[24] G. Ning, B. Haran, B. N. Popov, “Capacity Fade Study of Lithium ion Batteries Cycled at High Discharge Rates,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 117, 2003, pp. 160-169.
[25] D. P. Abraham, J. L. Knuth, D. W. Dees, I. Bloom, J. P. Chrisophersen, “Performance Degradation of High-Power Lithium-ion cells-Electrochemistry of Harvested Electrodes,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 170, No. 2 ,2007, pp. 465-475.
[26] C. Guenther, B. Schott, W. Hennings, P. Waldowski, M. A. Danzer, “Model-based investigation of electric vehicle battery aging by means of vehicle-to-grid scenario simulations,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 239, 2013, pp. 604-610.
[27] P. Ramadass, B. Haran, R. White, B. N. Popov, “Mathematical modeling of the capacity fade of Li-ion cells,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 123, No. 2, 2003, Pages 230-240.
Abstract— It is well known that the control schemes of distributed energy resources (DER) have a major influence on protection schemes of both DER and distribution system. In view of that, coordination between the DER controls, DER relays, and distribution system relays is necessary to have a secure and reliable power delivery. Flexible Distribution of EneRgy and Storage resources (FDERS) was a recently proposed framework that is extremely valuable for industrial power systems containing large and fluctuating loads - as it offers several benefits including enhanced controllability, improved system robustness, optimal energy resource deployment and increased lifetime. It has been earlier demonstrated that FDERS can significantly extend the mean battery replacement time in industrial power systems. As the FDERS makes use of adaptive DER controls, its application is found to also impact the distribution system protection schemes. In the following paper, the protection of an industrial microgrid with FDERS is investigated. Several innovative relaying schemes are proposed to mitigate any adverse impact caused during the implementation of FDERS in a microgrid.
[1] M. Haj-ahmed*, M. Illindala, “Investigation of Protection Schemes for Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources in an Industrial Microgrid,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 51, no. 3, May 2015, pp. 1-10.
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Publications
[32] T. R. B. Kushal* and M. S. Illindala, “Correlation-based Feature Selection for Resilience Analysis of MVDC Shipboard Power System,” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS, vol. 117, pp. 1-9, May 2020.
[31] K. Subramaniam* and M. Illindala, “Intelligent Three Tie Contactor Switch Unit based Fault Detection and Isolation in DC Microgrids,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. PP, no. 99, pp. 1-9, 2019.
[30] J. Choi* and M. Illindala, “Effect of Prime Mover's Characteristics on the Survivability of a Synchronous Generator-based Distributed Energy Resource during Transient Overload Conditions,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. PP, no. 99, pp. 1-9, 2019.
[29] G. Constante-Flores*, J. Abillama*, M. Illindala, and J. K. Wang, “Conservation Voltage Reduction of Networked Microgrids,” IET GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 2190-2198, 2019.
[28] T. R. B. Kushal*, K. Lai*, and M. S. Illindala, “Risk-based Mitigation of Load Curtailment Cyber Attack Using Intelligent Agents in a Shipboard Power System,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 4741-4750, Sep. 2019.
[27] K. Lai*, Y. Wang, D. Shi, M. S. Illindala, Y. Jin, and Z. Wang, “Sizing battery storage for islanded microgrid systems to enhance robustness against attacks on energy sources,” JOURNAL OF MODERN POWER SYSTEMS AND CLEAN ENERGY, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 1177-1188, Sep. 2019.
[26] J. Choi*, A. Khalsa, D. A. Klapp, S. Baktiono, M. Illindala, “Survivability of Prime-mover Powered Inverter-based Distributed Energy Resources during Microgrid Islanding,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 1214-1224, Mar. 2019.
[25] K. Lai*, M. S. Illindala, and K. Subramaniam*, “A tri-level optimization model to mitigate coordinated attacks on electric power systems in a cyber-physical environment,” APPLIED ENERGY, vol. 235, pp. 204-218, Feb. 2019.
[24] G. Constante-Flores* and M. Illindala, “Data-Driven Probabilistic Power Flow Analysis for a Distribution System with Renewable Energy Sources using Monte Carlo Simulation,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 174-181, Jan. 2019.
[23] K. Lai*, Y. Wang, D. Shi, M. S. Illindala, X. Zhang, and Z. Wang, “A Resilient Power System Operation Strategy Considering Transmission Line Attacks,” IEEE ACCESS, vol. 6, pp. 70633-70643, Dec. 2018.
[22] K. Lai* and M. S. Illindala, “Graph Theory-based Shipboard Power System Expansion Strategy for Enhanced Resilience,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 5691-5699, Nov. 2018.
[21] J. Choi*, M. Illindala, A. Mondal*, A. Renjit*, and M. Pulcherio*, “Cascading Collapse of a Large-scale Mixed Source Microgrid Caused by Fast-Acting Inverter-based Distributed Energy Resources,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 5727-5735, Nov. 2018.
[20] J. Choi*, A. Khalsa, D. A. Klapp, M. Illindala, and K. Subramaniam*, “Survivability of Synchronous Generator-based Distributed Energy Resources for Transient Overload Conditions in a Microgrid,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 5717-5726, Nov. 2018.
[19] K. Lai* and M. S. Illindala, “A distributed energy management strategy for resilient shipboard power system,” APPLIED ENERGY, vol. 228, pp. 821-832, Oct. 2018.
[18] M. Pulcherio*, M. S. Illindala, J. Choi*, and R. K. Yedavalli, “Robust Microgrid Clustering in a Distribution System with Inverter-based DERs,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 5152-5162, Oct. 2018.
[17] M. Pulcherio*, M. S. Illindala, and R. K. Yedavalli, “Robust Stability Region of a Microgrid Under Parametric Uncertainty Using Bialternate Sum Matrix Approach,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 5553-5562, Sep. 2018.
[16] A. Mondal* and M. S. Illindala, “Improved Frequency Regulation in an Islanded Mixed Source Microgrid through Coordinated Operation of DERs and Smart Loads,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 112-120, Jan. 2018.
[15] C. Yuan*, M. S. Illindala, and A. S. Khalsa, “Co-Optimization Scheme for Distributed Energy Resource Planning in Community Microgrids,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1351-1360, Oct. 2017.
[14] A. A. Renjit*, A. Mondal*, M. S. Illindala, and A. S. Khalsa, “Analytical Methods for Characterizing Frequency Dynamics in Islanded Microgrids with Gensets and Energy Storage,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 1815-1823, May 2017.
[13] C. Yuan*, M. Illindala, and A. Khalsa, “Modified Viterbi Algorithm Based Distribution System Restoration Strategy for Grid Resiliency,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 310-319, Feb. 2017.
[12] C. Yuan*, K. Lai*, M. Illindala, M. Haj-ahmed*, and A. Khalsa, “Multilayered Protection Strategy for Developing Community Microgrids in Village Distribution Systems,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 495-503, Feb. 2017.
[11] K. Lai*, M. Illindala, and M. Haj-ahmed*, “Comprehensive Protection Strategy for an Islanded Microgrid Using Intelligent Relays,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 47-55, Jan. 2017.
[10] M. Pulcherio*, A. A. Renjit*, M. S. Illindala, A. S. Khalsa, J. H. Eto, D. A. Klapp, and R. H. Lasseter, “Evaluation of Control Methods to Prevent Collapse of a Mixed Source Microgrid,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 4566-4576, Nov. 2016.
[9] A. Mondal*, M. Illindala, A. Khalsa, D. Klapp, and J. Eto, “Design and Operation of Smart Loads to Prevent Stalling in a Microgrid,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 1184-1192, Mar. 2016.
[8] M. Illindala, H. Khasawneh*, and A. Renjit*, “Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources: Integrating These Resources into a Microgrid,” IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS MAGAZINE, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 32-42, Sep. 2015.
[7] C. Yuan*, M. Haj-ahmed*, and M. Illindala, “Protection Strategies for Medium Voltage Direct Current Microgrid at a Remote Area Mine Site,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 2846-2853, Jul. 2015.
[6] H. Khasawneh* and M. Illindala, “Supercapacitor Cycle Life Equalization in a Microgrid through Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 1962-1969, May 2015.
[5] M. Haj-ahmed* and M. Illindala, “Investigation of Protection Schemes for Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources in an Industrial Microgrid,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 2071-2080, May 2015.
[4] A. Renjit*, M. Illindala, and D. Klapp, “Graphical and Analytical Methods for Stalling Analysis of Engine Generator Sets,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 2967-2975, Sep. 2014.
[3] H. Khasawneh* and M. Illindala, “Battery Cycle Life Balancing in a Microgrid through Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, vol. 261, pp. 378-388, Sep. 2014.
[2] M. Haj-ahmed* and M. Illindala, “The Influence of Inverter-Based DGs and their Controllers on Distribution Network Protection,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 2928-2937, Jul. 2014.
[1] M. Haj-ahmed* and M. Illindala, “Intelligent Coordinated Adaptive Distance Relaying,” ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH, vol. 110, pp. 163-171, May 2014.
* OSU Graduate Student
[45] B. Guddanti* and M. S. Illindala, “Cost Saving Optimization Model for Energy Management System of a DC Microgrid Under Real Time Pricing,” in Proc. of 2019 IEEE IAS Annual Meeting (IAS 2019), Sep. 29 - Oct. 3, 2019.
[44] J. Choi* and M. S. Illindala, “Effect of Prime Mover's Characteristics on the Survivability of a Synchronous Generator during Transient Overload Conditions,” in Proc. of 2019 IEEE/IAS 55th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2019), 5-8 May 2019.
[43] K. Subramaniam* and M. S. Illindala, “High Impedance Fault Detection and Isolation in DC Microgrids,” in Proc. of 2019 IEEE/IAS 55th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2019), 5-8 May 2019.
[42] V. Gautam**, M. S. Illindala, and P. Sensarma, “A fault tolerant controller for PV inverter in microgrid application,” in Proc. of 2018 IEEE Intl. Conf. on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES 2018), 18-21 Dec. 2018.
[41] J. Choi*, A. S. Khalsa, D. A. Klapp, and M. S. Illindala, “Survivability of prime-mover powered inverter-based distributed energy resources for transient overload conditions in a microgrid,” in Proc. of 2018 IEEE IAS Annual Meeting (IAS 2018), 23-27 Sep. 2018.
[40] K. Lai*, D. Shi, H. Li, M. S. Illindala, D. Peng, L. Liu, and Z. Wang, “A Robust Energy Storage System Siting Strategy Considering Physical Attacks to Transmission Lines,” in Proc. of 2018 North American Power Symposium (NAPS 2018), 9-11 Sep. 2018.
[39] J. Choi*, M. S. Illindala, A. Mondal*, and A. Renjit*, “Cascading collapse of a large-scale mixed source microgrid caused by fast-acting inverter-based distributed energy resources,” in Proc. of 2018 IEEE/IAS 54th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2018), 7-10 May 2018.
[38] J. Choi*, A. S. Khalsa, D. A. Klapp, M. S. Illindala, and K. Subramaniam*, “Survivability of synchronous generator-based distributed energy resources for transient overload conditions in a microgrid,” in Proc. of 2018 IEEE/IAS 54th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2018), 7-10 May 2018.
[37] K. Lai* and M. S. Illindala, “Graph theory-based ship power system expansion strategy for enhanced resilience,” in Proc. of 2018 IEEE/IAS 54th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2018), 7-10 May 2018.
[36] M. Pulcherio*, A. Kidder*, M. S. Illindala, and R. K. Yedavalli, “An eco-inspired control strategy for dc microgrids,” in Proc. of 2018 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI 2018), 22-23 Feb. 2018.
[35] F. Yao**, Q. An, L. Sun, M. S. Illindala, and T. A. Lipo, “Optimization design of stator harmonic windings in brushless synchronous machine excited with double-harmonic-windings,” in Proc. of 2017 International Energy and Sustainability Conference (IESC 2017), 19-20 Oct. 2017.
[34] C. Yuan*, M. Illindala, K. D. Ramamoorthy, and O. Alkhouli, “Nine-Phase Induction Machine with Electric Pole Change for Emerging Heavy-Duty and Off-Road Micro/Mild Hybrid Vehicle Applications,” in Proc. of 2017 IEEE IAS Annual Meeting (IAS 2017), 1-5 Oct. 2017.
[33] K. Lai* and M. Illindala, “Enhancing the Robustness of Shipboard dc Hybrid Power System Against Generator Failures,” in Proc. of 2017 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS 2017), Aug. 2017.
[32] C. Yuan*, G. Liu, Z. Wang, X. Chen, and M. Illindala, “Economic Power Capacity Design of Distributed Energy Resources for Reliable Community Microgrids,” in Proc. of 9th International Conference on Applied Energy (ICAE 2017), Aug. 2017.
[31] C. Yuan*, M. Illindala, and A. Khalsa, “Economic Sizing of Distributed Energy Resources for Reliable Community Microgrids,” in Proc. of 2017 IEEE PES General Meeting (PESGM 2017), 16-20 July 2017.
[30] G. Constante-Flores* and M. Illindala, “Data-Driven Probabilistic Power Flow Analysis for a Distribution System with Renewable Energy Sources using Monte Carlo Simulation,” in Proc. of 2017 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2017), 7-11 May 2017.
[29] K. Lai* and M. Illindala, “Design and Planning Strategy for Energy Storage System in a Shipboard dc Hybrid Power System,” in Proc. of 2017 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2017), 7-11 May 2017.
[28] A. Mondal* and M. Illindala, “Improved Frequency Regulation in an Islanded Mixed Source Microgrid through Coordinated Operation of DERs and Smart Loads,” in Proc. of 2017 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2017), 7-11 May 2017.
[27] A. Renjit*, M. Illindala, and D. Klapp, “Analysis and Prevention of Prime-mover Stalling in a Mixed Source Microgrid,” in Proc. of 2016 IEEE Intl. Conf. on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES 2016), 14-17 Dec. 2016.
[26] A. Renjit*, A. Mondal*, M. Illindala, and A. Khalsa, “Analytical Methods for Characterizing Frequency Dynamics in Islanded Microgrids with Gensets and Energy Storage,” in Proc. of 2016 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS 2016), 2-6 Oct. 2016.
[25] M. Pulcherio*, A. Renjit*, M. Illindala, A. Khalsa, and J. Eto, “Evaluation of Control Methods to Prevent Prime-mover Stalling in a Mixed Source Microgrid,” in Proc. of 2016 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2016), 1-5 May 2016.
[24] A. Mondal*, A. Renjit*, M. Illindala, and J. Eto, “Operation and Impact of Energy Storage System in an Industrial Microgrid,” in Proc. of 2015 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS 2015), 18-22 Oct. 2015.
[23] C. Yuan*, M. Illindala, M. Haj-ahmed*, and A. Khalsa, “Distributed Energy Resource Planning for Microgrids in the United States,” in Proc. of 2015 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS 2015), 18-22 Oct. 2015.
[22] K. Lai*, M. Illindala, and M. Haj-ahmed*, “Comprehensive Protection Strategy for an Islanded Microgrid Using Intelligent Relays,” in Proc. of 2015 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS 2015), 18-22 Oct. 2015.
[21] H. Khasawneh*, A. Mondal*, M. Illindala, B. Schenkman, and D. Borneo, “Evaluation and Sizing of Energy Storage Systems for Microgrids,” in Proc. of 2015 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2015), 5-8 May 2015.
[20] D. Mao*, H. Khasawneh*, M. Illindala, B. Schenkman, and D. Borneo, “Economic Evaluation of Energy Storage Options in a Microgrid with Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” in Proc. of 2015 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2015), 5-8 May 2015.
[19] A. Mondal*, M. Illindala, and A. Khalsa, “Design and Operation of Smart Loads in an Industrial Microgrid,” in Proc. of 2015 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2015), 5-8 May 2015.
[18] A. Renjit*, M. Illindala, and D. Klapp, “Modeling and Analysis of the CERTS Microgrid with Natural Gas Powered Distributed Energy Resources,” in Proc. of 2015 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2015), 5-8 May 2015.
[17] A. Mondal*, M. Illindala, A. A. Renjit*, and A. Khalsa, “Analysis of Limiting Bounds for Stalling of Natural Gas Genset in the CERTS Microgrid Test Bed,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Intl. Conf. on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES 2014), 16-19 Dec. 2014.
[16] M. Haj-ahmed*, H. Khasawneh*, and M. Illindala, “Autonomous Cooperative Agent Based Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Intl. Conf. on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES 2014), 16-19 Dec. 2014.
[15] M. Haj-ahmed*, Z. Campbell, and M. Illindala, “Substation Automation for Replacing Faulted CTs in Distribution Feeders,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Intl. Conf. on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES 2014), 16-19 Dec. 2014.
[14] A. Renjit*, M. Illindala, and R. Yedavalli, “Stability Robustness Analysis and its Improvement for an Industrial Microgrid,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS 2014), 5-9 Oct. 2014.
[13] C. Yuan*, M. Haj-ahmed*, and M. Illindala, “An MVDC Microgrid for a Remote Area Mine Site: Protection, Operation and Control,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS 2014), 5-9 Oct. 2014.
[12] H. Khasawneh* and M. Illindala, “Supercapacitor Cycle Life Equalization in a Microgrid through Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS 2014), 5-9 Oct. 2014.
[11] A. Mondal*, D. Klapp, M. Illindala, and J. Eto, “Modeling, Analysis and Evaluation of Smart Load Functionality in the CERTS Microgrid,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE 2014), 14-18 Sep. 2014.
[10] H. Khasawneh* and M. Illindala, “State-of-Health based Load Sharing Strategy in Vehicle-To-Grid Systems,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC 2014), 15-18 June 2014.
[9] H. Khasawneh* and M. Illindala, “Equalization of Battery Life through Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2014), 20-23 May 2014.
[8] M. Haj-ahmed* and M. Illindala, “Investigation of Protection Schemes for Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources in an Industrial Microgrid,” in Proc. of 2014 IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS 2014), 20-23 May 2014.
[7] M. Haj-ahmed* and M. Illindala, “The influence of inverter-based DGs and their controllers on distribution network protection,” in Proc. of 2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS 2013), 6-11 Oct. 2013.
[6] A. Renjit*, M. Illindala, R.H. Lasseter, M.J. Erickson, and D. Klapp, “Modeling and control of a natural gas generator set in the CERTS microgrid,” in Proc. of 2013 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE 2013), 15-19 Sept. 2013.
[5] A. Renjit* and M. Illindala, “In-situ Reconfiguration for Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” in Proc. of 2013 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE 2013), 15-19 Sept. 2013.
[4] H. Khasawneh* and M. Illindala, “Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” in Proc. of 2013 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE 2013), 15-19 Sept. 2013.
[3] P. Sodhi**, D. Kapoor**, and M. Illindala, “An Enhanced MPPT Strategy for a Grid-Connected PV Station Under Rapidly Varying Environmental Conditions,” in Proc. of 2012 IEEE Intl. Conf. on Power Electronics Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES 2012) 2012, 16-19 Dec 2012.
[2] A. Renjit* and M. Illindala, “Graphical and Analytical Methods for Stalling of Engine Generator Set,” in Proc. of 2012 IEEE Intl. Conf. on Power Electronics Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES 2012) 2012, 16-19 Dec 2012.
[1] M. Illindala, “Flexible Distribution of Energy and Storage Resources,” in Proc. of 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE 2012), 15-20 Sept. 2012.
* OSU Graduate Student
** OSU Visiting Scholar
Courses
ECE 3040 Sustainable Energy and Power Systems I
Introduction to electrical energy systems: history, current trends, renewable and non-renewable sources, rotating machines and their operation, and smart grid initiatives.
ECE 5025 Power Electronics: Devices, Circuits, and Applications
Provides an introduction to power electronics conversion principles. Analytical techniques will be developed through the study of widely used converter circuits.
ECE 5041 Electric Machines
Principles of electromechanical energy conversion; basic structures of electric machines; steady state models and performance analysis; advanced topics on AC machine control.
ECE 6541 Advanced Topics in Sustainable Energy and Power Systems
Advanced topics in sustainable energy and power systems; basic issues and solutions to sustainable energy; the concept of smart grid; cyber control and security.
ECE 7843 Advanced Topics in Power Systems
Fundamental concepts and approaches in multi-agent systems for next generation power systems with focus on the operation and control of microgrids, and power market design.
Links
Center for High Performance Power Electronics (CHPPE)
Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTS) - Distributed Energy Resource Microgrids
CERTS Microgrid Test Bed @ American Electric Power's Dolan Technology Center
ResearchGate’s Scientific Recruitment – for academic and scientific hiring